</figure>
Les parlementaires devraient finalement garder leurs 150 millions d'euros. Interrogé jeudi sur la suppression de la réserve parlementaire, évoquée il y a quelques jours par Pierre Moscovici, le premier ministre Jean-Marc Ayrault a renvoyé la question aux présidents de l'Assemblée nationale et du Sénat. Une façon délicate de l'enterrer.
Cette enveloppe, attribuée chaque année par l'Etat aux députés et sénateurs, sert à financer les associations et les collectivités de leur circonscription. L'utilisation qu'en fait chaque parlementaire ne fait pour l'instant l'objet d'aucun encadrement. Un système jugé archaïque et trop opaque par ses détracteurs.
Lire : Vers la suppression de la réserve parlementaire ?
En l'absence de documents détaillant l'utilisation de cette réserve – Claude Bartolone en a exigé une publication pour la fin de l'année parlementaire –, la seule source d'information disponible sur l'utilisation de ces fonds est le jaune budgétaire 2013, annexé au dernier projet de loi de finances. Ce document répertorie l'ensemble des subventions versées par l'Etat aux associations en 2011. Sur les 20 000 associations concernées, 1 249 ont été subventionnées, au moins pour partie, au titre de la réserve parlementaire. Une contribution qui s'élève très exactement à 9 898 901 euros. Députés et sénateurs utilisent donc moins de 10 % de leurs 146,26 millions d'euros de réserve parlementaire pour financer des associations. Le reste va aux collectivités locales, essentiellement pour financer travaux et projets.
Parmi ces 1 249 associations, les anciens combattants et la mémoire au sens large sont de loin les plus nombreuses, avec 131 représentantes. Suivent la jeunesse et l'enfance, puis l'emploi et la réinsertion.
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les plus représentés</tspan></text><g class="highcharts-data-labels highcharts-tracker" style="" transform="translate(143,40) scale(1 1)" visibility="visible"><g style="cursor:default;" transform="translate(332,4)" visibility="inherit"><text style="font-family:"Lucida Grande", "Lucida Sans Unicode", Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:11px;color:#666;line-height:14px;fill:#666;" x="3" y="15"><tspan x="3">131</tspan></text></g><g style="cursor:default;" transform="translate(210,36)" visibility="inherit"><text style="font-family:"Lucida Grande", "Lucida Sans Unicode", Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:11px;color:#666;line-height:14px;fill:#666;" x="3" y="15"><tspan x="3">83</tspan></text></g><g style="cursor:default;" transform="translate(177,68)" visibility="inherit"><text style="font-family:"Lucida Grande", "Lucida Sans Unicode", Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:11px;color:#666;line-height:14px;fill:#666;" x="3" y="15"><tspan 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"Lucida Sans Unicode", Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:11px;color:#666;line-height:14px;fill:#666;" x="3" y="15"><tspan x="3">51</tspan></text></g><g style="cursor:default;" transform="translate(66,229)" visibility="inherit"><text style="font-family:"Lucida Grande", "Lucida Sans Unicode", Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:11px;color:#666;line-height:14px;fill:#666;" x="3" y="15"><tspan x="3">26</tspan></text></g><g style="cursor:default;" transform="translate(55,261)" visibility="inherit"><text style="font-family:"Lucida Grande", "Lucida Sans Unicode", Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:11px;color:#666;line-height:14px;fill:#666;" x="3" y="15"><tspan x="3">22</tspan></text></g><g style="cursor:default;" transform="translate(43,293)" visibility="inherit"><text style="font-family:"Lucida Grande", "Lucida Sans Unicode", Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:11px;color:#666;line-height:14px;fill:#666;" x="3" y="15"><tspan 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"Lucida Sans Unicode", Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:11px;color:#666;line-height:14px;fill:#666;" x="3" y="15"><tspan x="3">11</tspan></text></g><g style="cursor:default;" transform="translate(27,453)" visibility="inherit"><text style="font-family:"Lucida Grande", "Lucida Sans Unicode", Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:11px;color:#666;line-height:14px;fill:#666;" x="3" y="15"><tspan x="3">11</tspan></text></g><g style="cursor:default;" transform="translate(25,485)" visibility="inherit"><text style="font-family:"Lucida Grande", "Lucida Sans Unicode", Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:11px;color:#666;line-height:14px;fill:#666;" x="3" y="15"><tspan x="3">10</tspan></text></g><g style="cursor:default;" transform="translate(25,517)" visibility="inherit"><text style="font-family:"Lucida Grande", "Lucida Sans Unicode", Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:11px;color:#666;line-height:14px;fill:#666;" x="3" y="15"><tspan 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LES SCOUTS ET LES RESTOS DU CŒUR À L'HONNEUR
Malgré leur nombre, les associations mémorielles récupèrent relativement peu de subventions : elles touchent en moyenne 5 760 euros chacune. Les associations les mieux loties sont les œuvres caritatives, comme les Restos du cœur ou le Secours populaire, qui touchent 20 % de l'ensemble des subventions – soit une soixantaine de structures qui touchent 33 111 euros chacune en moyenne.
Les onze associations de scouts (catholiques, musulmans et laïques) se taillent également une bonne part du gâteau, avec 18 911 euros chacune.
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y="348"></rect></g><g class="highcharts-markers" height="545" transform="translate(524,585) rotate(90) scale(-1,1) scale(1 1)" visibility="visible" width="387"></g></g><text class="highcharts-title" style="font-family:"Lucida Grande", "Lucida Sans Unicode", Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:16px;color:#274b6d;fill:#274b6d;" text-anchor="middle" x="267" y="25"><tspan x="267">Associations les plus subventionnées</tspan></text><g class="highcharts-data-labels highcharts-tracker" style="" transform="translate(137,40) scale(1 1)" visibility="visible"><g style="cursor:default;" transform="translate(320,6)" visibility="inherit"><text style="font-family:"Lucida Grande", "Lucida Sans Unicode", Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:11px;color:#666;line-height:14px;fill:#666;" x="3" y="15"><tspan style="font-weight:bold" x="3">33111 €</tspan></text></g><g style="cursor:default;" transform="translate(183,43)" visibility="inherit"><text style="font-family:"Lucida Grande", "Lucida Sans Unicode", Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:11px;color:#666;line-height:14px;fill:#666;" x="3" y="15"><tspan style="font-weight:bold" x="3">18911 €</tspan></text></g><g style="cursor:default;" transform="translate(174,79)" visibility="inherit"><text style="font-family:"Lucida Grande", "Lucida Sans Unicode", Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:11px;color:#666;line-height:14px;fill:#666;" x="3" y="15"><tspan style="font-weight:bold" x="3">18004 €</tspan></text></g><g style="cursor:default;" transform="translate(139,115)" visibility="inherit"><text style="font-family:"Lucida Grande", "Lucida Sans Unicode", Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:11px;color:#666;line-height:14px;fill:#666;" x="3" y="15"><tspan style="font-weight:bold" x="3">14423 €</tspan></text></g><g style="cursor:default;" transform="translate(91,152)" visibility="inherit"><text style="font-family:"Lucida Grande", "Lucida Sans Unicode", Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:11px;color:#666;line-height:14px;fill:#666;" x="3" y="15"><tspan style="font-weight:bold" x="3">9474 €</tspan></text></g><g style="cursor:default;" transform="translate(63,188)" visibility="inherit"><text style="font-family:"Lucida Grande", "Lucida Sans Unicode", Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:11px;color:#666;line-height:14px;fill:#666;" x="3" y="15"><tspan style="font-weight:bold" x="3">6572 €</tspan></text></g><g style="cursor:default;" transform="translate(61,224)" visibility="inherit"><text style="font-family:"Lucida Grande", "Lucida Sans Unicode", Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:11px;color:#666;line-height:14px;fill:#666;" x="3" y="15"><tspan style="font-weight:bold" x="3">6364 €</tspan></text></g><g style="cursor:default;" transform="translate(58,261)" visibility="inherit"><text style="font-family:"Lucida Grande", "Lucida Sans Unicode", Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:11px;color:#666;line-height:14px;fill:#666;" x="3" y="15"><tspan style="font-weight:bold" x="3">6000 €</tspan></text></g><g style="cursor:default;" transform="translate(56,297)" visibility="inherit"><text style="font-family:"Lucida Grande", "Lucida Sans Unicode", Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:11px;color:#666;line-height:14px;fill:#666;" x="3" y="15"><tspan style="font-weight:bold" x="3">5875 €</tspan></text></g><g style="cursor:default;" transform="translate(55,333)" visibility="inherit"><text style="font-family:"Lucida Grande", "Lucida Sans Unicode", Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:11px;color:#666;line-height:14px;fill:#666;" x="3" y="15"><tspan style="font-weight:bold" x="3">5760 €</tspan></text></g><g style="cursor:default;" transform="translate(54,370)" visibility="inherit"><text style="font-family:"Lucida Grande", "Lucida Sans Unicode", Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:11px;color:#666;line-height:14px;fill:#666;" x="3" y="15"><tspan style="font-weight:bold" x="3">5586 €</tspan></text></g><g style="cursor:default;" transform="translate(53,406)" visibility="inherit"><text style="font-family:"Lucida Grande", "Lucida Sans Unicode", Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:11px;color:#666;line-height:14px;fill:#666;" x="3" y="15"><tspan style="font-weight:bold" x="3">5500 €</tspan></text></g><g style="cursor:default;" transform="translate(52,442)" visibility="inherit"><text style="font-family:"Lucida Grande", "Lucida Sans Unicode", Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:11px;color:#666;line-height:14px;fill:#666;" x="3" y="15"><tspan style="font-weight:bold" x="3">5417 €</tspan></text></g><g style="cursor:default;" transform="translate(46,479)" visibility="inherit"><text style="font-family:"Lucida Grande", "Lucida Sans Unicode", Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:11px;color:#666;line-height:14px;fill:#666;" x="3" y="15"><tspan style="font-weight:bold" x="3">4750 €</tspan></text></g><g style="cursor:default;" transform="translate(39,515)" visibility="inherit"><text style="font-family:"Lucida Grande", "Lucida Sans Unicode", Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:11px;color:#666;line-height:14px;fill:#666;" x="3" y="15"><tspan style="font-weight:bold" x="3">4068 €</tspan></text></g></g><g class="highcharts-axis-labels"><text opacity="1" style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:11px;width:121px;color:#666;cursor:default;line-height:11px;fill:#666;" text-anchor="end" x="129" y="55.06666666666664"><tspan x="129">Aide alimentaire et</tspan><tspan dy="11px" x="129">œuvres caricatives</tspan></text><text opacity="1" style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:11px;width:121px;color:#666;cursor:default;line-height:11px;fill:#666;" text-anchor="end" x="129" y="96.90000000000002"><tspan x="129">Emploi</tspan></text><text opacity="1" style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:11px;width:121px;color:#666;cursor:default;line-height:11px;fill:#666;" text-anchor="end" x="129" y="133.2333333333334"><tspan x="129">Scouts</tspan></text><text opacity="1" style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:11px;width:121px;color:#666;cursor:default;line-height:11px;fill:#666;" text-anchor="end" x="129" y="169.56666666666672"><tspan x="129">Environnement</tspan></text><text opacity="1" style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:11px;width:121px;color:#666;cursor:default;line-height:11px;fill:#666;" text-anchor="end" x="129" y="205.90000000000003"><tspan x="129">Centres sociaux</tspan></text><text opacity="1" style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:11px;width:121px;color:#666;cursor:default;line-height:11px;fill:#666;" text-anchor="end" x="129" y="236.7333333333334"><tspan x="129">Jeunesse et à</tspan><tspan dy="11px" x="129">enfance</tspan></text><text opacity="1" style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:11px;width:121px;color:#666;cursor:default;line-height:11px;fill:#666;" text-anchor="end" x="129" y="278.56666666666666"><tspan x="129">Maisons de retraite</tspan></text><text opacity="1" style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:11px;width:121px;color:#666;cursor:default;line-height:11px;fill:#666;" text-anchor="end" x="129" y="309.3999999999999"><tspan x="129">Associations de</tspan><tspan dy="11px" x="129">commerçants</tspan></text><text opacity="1" style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:11px;width:121px;color:#666;cursor:default;line-height:11px;fill:#666;" text-anchor="end" x="129" y="351.2333333333333"><tspan x="129">Education populaire</tspan></text><text opacity="1" style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:11px;width:121px;color:#666;cursor:default;line-height:11px;fill:#666;" text-anchor="end" x="129" y="376.56666666666666"><tspan x="129">Anciens</tspan><tspan dy="11px" x="129">combattants et</tspan><tspan dy="11px" x="129">mémoire</tspan></text><text 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L'attention accordée aux œuvres caritatives se retrouve dans le classement de la dizaine d'associations qui reçoivent le plus de fonds, dominé par la Fédération française des banques alimentaires (1,2 million d'euros) et la Croix rouge (486 400 €).
| Association bénéficiaire | Subvention perçue (€) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Fédération française des banques alimentaires (FFBA) | 1 180 000 |
| 2 | Croix Rouge française | 486 400 |
| 3 | Maison de l'emploi Bonneville | 252 354 |
| 4 | Fondation Charles de Gaulle | 170 000 |
| 5 | Association pour faciliter l'insertion des jeunes diplômés (AFIJ) | 150 000 |
| 6 | Fondation de la Résistance | 145 000 |
| 7 | Maison de l'emploi Périgord nord | 136 173 |
| 8 | Association de développement durable du Territoire Maures | 130 000 |
| 9 | Fondation Claude Pompidou | 120 000 |
| 9 | Entraide locale quotidienne (ELQ) | 120 000 |
| 9 | Les diablotins | 120 000 |
Parcourir le tableau complet des 1 249 associations subventionnées par la réserve parlementaire
Au-delà de ces grandes masses, il est pour l'instant impossible de connaître les réels circuits de financement de ces associations. Quelles associations chaque parlementaire finance-t-il ? Le clientélisme dénoncé par les adversaires de la réserve parlementaire est-il une réalité ? Si quelques parlementaires ont déjà pris l'initiative de lever le voile sur l'utilisation de leur cagnotte, il faudra attendre la fin de l'année parlementaire pour faire toute la lumière sur ces 150 millions d'euros.
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